The Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, known locally as Sri Dalada Maligawa, is one of the most revered and iconic Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka, located in the historic city of Kandy. It houses the sacred tooth relic of the Buddha, making it a significant pilgrimage site and a symbol of Buddhist spirituality and cultural heritage.
Sri Dalada Maligawa is renowned for its architectural beauty and cultural significance, characterized by:
The temple complex showcases traditional Kandyan architectural styles, featuring a multi-tiered roof (walauwa) with intricate wood carvings, gabled entrances (valakuwa), and verandas adorned with elaborate Kandyan motifs.
The inner chamber houses the sacred tooth relic within a gold casket, which is enshrined within multiple gold and jewel-studded caskets. The chamber is accessible to Buddhist monks and dignitaries during ceremonial rituals and daily offerings.
Overlooking the temple complex and the Kandy Lake, the octagonal pavilion serves as a venue for cultural performances, ceremonies, and public gatherings. It offers panoramic views of the surrounding cityscape and lush greenery.
The history of the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic dates back to the 4th century AD when the tooth relic of the Buddha was brought to Sri Lanka from India. Over the centuries, the relic came to be regarded as a symbol of sovereignty and divine protection for the rulers of Sri Lanka. Kandy became the final capital of the Sinhalese kings, and the temple served as the royal palace complex during this period.
The current temple complex was built during the 17th and 18th centuries by successive kings, with significant contributions to its architecture and cultural prominence. The temple has withstood invasions, colonial rule, and natural disasters, remaining a focal point of Buddhist worship and national identity in Sri Lanka.
The Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic is a center of religious devotion, cultural rituals, and communal practices:
Daily rituals (puja) are performed to honor the sacred tooth relic, including offerings of flowers, incense, and oil lamps by Buddhist monks and devotees. These ceremonies follow ancient traditions and are accompanied by chanting of Buddhist scriptures (sutras).
The temple is renowned for hosting the annual Esala Perahera, one of the grandest religious processions in Asia, dedicated to the sacred tooth relic. The perahera features traditional dancers, drummers, adorned elephants, and costumed performers parading through the streets of Kandy in celebration of Buddhist teachings and cultural heritage.
Throughout the year, the temple celebrates Buddhist festivals such as Vesak (commemorating the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha) and Poson Poya (marking the introduction of Buddhism to Sri Lanka). These festivals attract pilgrims and visitors from across Sri Lanka and around the world, fostering a sense of unity and reverence among Buddhist communities.
Guided tours of Sri Dalada Maligawa provide insights into its history, architecture, and religious significance. Visitors can explore the inner chambers, learn about the rituals performed by monks, and appreciate the temple’s cultural treasures.
The temple complex includes a museum showcasing artifacts, relics, and historical manuscripts related to Buddhism and the cultural heritage of Sri Lanka. Exhibitions provide educational insights into the evolution of Buddhist art, architecture, and religious practices.
Visitors can experience traditional Kandyan dance performances, drumming ceremonies, and cultural rituals held within the temple complex and during special events such as the Esala Perahera.
Sri Dalada Maligawa is centrally located in Kandy and is accessible by car, taxi, or public transportation from Colombo and other major cities in Sri Lanka. Visitors should dress modestly and remove footwear before entering the temple complex.
The temple complex is open to visitors during specified hours, with special access granted during ceremonial rituals and cultural events. It is advisable to check ahead for any closures or changes to visiting hours.
Visitors should observe respectful behavior within the temple complex, including refraining from loud conversations, photography during prayer times, and adhering to customs such as covering shoulders and knees.
The Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, Sri Dalada Maligawa, stands as a testament to Sri Lanka’s rich Buddhist heritage, architectural splendor, and cultural identity. Whether you’re captivated by its sacred relics, intrigued by its vibrant cultural rituals, or inspired by its architectural grandeur, the temple offers a profound spiritual and educational experience for visitors exploring Kandy and celebrating the country’s cultural legacy.
